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- The Telco Operator may own and/or have partnerships and network connections to utilize multiple Clouds
- for network services, IT workloads, external subscribers
- On Prem Private
- Open source; Operator or Vendor deployed and managed | OpenStack or Kubernetes based
- Vendor developed; Operator or Vendor deployed and managed | Examples: Azure on Prem, VMWare, Packet, Nokia, Ericsson, etc.
- On Prem Public: Commercial Cloud service hosted at Operator location but for both Operator and Public use | Example: AWS Wavelength
- Outsourced Private: hosting outsourced; hosting can be at a Commercial Cloud Service | Examples: Equinix, AWS, etc.
- (Outsourced) Public: Commercial Cloud Service | Examples: AWS, Azure, VMWare, etc.
- Multiple different Clouds can be co-located in the same physical location and may share some of the physical infrastructure (for example, racks)
| Type | System Developer | System Maintenance | System Operated & Managed by | Location where Deployed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Private (Internal Users) | Open Source | Self | Self | On Prem |
| Private | Public | Vendor (incl. Hyperscalers) | Self/Vendor | Self/Vendor | On Prem |
| Private | Vendor | Vendor | Vendor | Hosted Vendor sites |
| Public (All Users) | Vendor | Vendor | Vendor | Vendor Locations |
- Each Telco Cloud consists of multiple interconnected Regions
- A Telco Cloud Region may connect to multiple regions of another Telco Cloud (large capacity networks)
- A Telco Cloud also consists of interconnected local sites (multiple possible scenarios)
- A Telco Cloud's local site may connect to multiple Regions within that Telco Cloud or another Telco Cloud
- A Telco Cloud also consists of a large number of interconnected edge nodes
- Edge nodes may be impermanent
- A Telco Cloud's Edge node may connect to multiple local sites within that Telco Cloud or another Telco Cloud; an Edge node may rarely connect to an Telco Cloud Region
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